ADHD Treatment For Adults - Stimulant Medication
Adult ADHD is treated with stimulant drugs like dextroamphetamine or methylphenidate. These medications balance and increase levels of brain chemicals, known as neurotransmitters.
Non-stimulant medications like atomoxetine or antidepressants can be prescribed when stimulants are not appropriate for the patient due to other health issues or side effects. These drugs are slower-acting than stimulants, and can reduce the impulsivity and lack of focus.
Stimulants
Stimulants boost the levels of brain neurotransmitters dopamine, and norepinephrine. effects of untreated adhd in adults improve concentration and reduce impulsivity and hyperactivity. These are the most common treatment for ADHD in both adults and children. There are several types of stimulant medications each with their own side effects and benefits. The majority of people respond well to long-acting drugs that build up within the body over time. This helps reduce the "ups and downs" caused by fluctuating medication levels which can make symptoms worse as the drug is worn off. The FDA has approved a variety of ADHD medications such as amphetamines and methylphenidates (including Ritalin, Concerta and Concerta).
Non-stimulants
These medications can take longer to effect their effects however, they can help treat adhd in adults. These medications are also referred to as alpha-2 adrenergic and norepinephrine-re inhibitors. They are typically prescribed for high blood pressure but have been used "off-label" to treat ADHD in both adults and children for many years. Since they don't affect the epinephrine receptors in the same way that stimulants do, they are less likely to trigger serious adverse effects or addiction. These medications work for up 24 hours and can be taken daily to reduce impulsivity.
Some people with ADHD are unable to tolerate stimulants due to their adverse effects. In these instances, doctors might prescribe antidepressants along with stimulants to lessen adverse effects. These include selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and tricyclic antidepressants like imipramine (Tofranil) and nortriptyline (Aventyl or Pamelor). Antidepressants typically have more complex adverse effects than stimulants and are typically only used when other medications aren't working.
Exercise and diet may also aid in treating ADHD. Everyone should consume healthy and balanced meals, but people with ADHD are especially in need of it. A healthy diet can improve concentration and decrease impulsive behaviors and food cravings. Before making any changes to a person's diet or removing certain foods, those suffering from ADHD should talk to their doctor.
Counseling
Adults with ADHD can benefit from psychotherapy or counseling. This kind of therapy can help them learn how to manage their issues, and can teach skills to improve their lives. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is one type of therapy that has been shown to be effective for adults suffering from ADHD. CBT is designed to alter negative thinking patterns and replace them with more positive ones. Family and marital therapy can also be beneficial for adults suffering from ADHD.
Self-help techniques such as improving sleep patterns and limiting consumption of caffeine can also help to reduce ADHD symptoms. People with ADHD should speak to their primary care physician regarding a referral to an ADHD specialist. A therapist or psychiatrist who has had experience treating adults with ADHD may be able to assist patients in finding the best combination of treatments. They can provide assistance and advice on how to manage ADHD at work, school or home. They can assist parents and spouses to understand how to communicate with children with ADHD or how to handle the challenges that come with living with ADHD.